Bills of Exchange Act, RSC 1985, c B-4 | Federal Statutes / Lois fédérales

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Short Title

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  1 Short title
  
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Interpretation

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  2 Definitions
  
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PART I — General

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  3 Thing done in good faith
  
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  4 Signature
  
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  5 What required of corporation
  
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  6(1) Computation of time
  
  s. 6(1)
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  6(2) Saturdays
  
  s. 6(2)
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  6(3) Cheques
  
  s. 6(3)
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  6(4) Where bank not open for business
  
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  7 Crossing dividend warrants
  
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  8 Bank Act not affected
  
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  9 Common law of England
  
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  10 Protest evidence
  
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  11 Copy of protest, evidence
  
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  12 Officer of bank not to act as notary
  
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  13(1) Purchase of patent right
  
  s. 13(1)
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  13(2) Absence of necessary words
  
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  14 Transferee to take with equities
  
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  15 Offence and punishment
  
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PART II — Bills of Exchange

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  Form and Interpretation of Bill
  
  s. 16
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    16(1) Bill of exchange
    
    s. 16(1)
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    16(2) Non-compliance with requisites
    
    s. 16(2)
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    16(3) Unconditional order
    
    s. 16(3)
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    17(1) Instrument payable on contingency
    
    s. 17(1)
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    17(2) Addressed to two or more drawees
    
    s. 17(2)
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    18(1) Payee, drawer or drawee
    
    s. 18(1)
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    18(2) Two or more payees
    
    s. 18(2)
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    18(3) Holder of office payee
    
    s. 18(3)
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    19 Drawee to be named
    
    s. 19
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    20(1) Transfer words
    
    s. 20(1)
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    20(2) Negotiable bill
    
    s. 20(2)
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    20(3) When payable to bearer
    
    s. 20(3)
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    20(4) Certainty of payee
    
    s. 20(4)
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    20(5) Fictitious payee
    
    s. 20(5)
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    21(1) Bill payable to order
    
    s. 21(1)
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    21(2) When payable to person or order
    
    s. 21(2)
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    22(1) When payable on demand
    
    s. 22(1)
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    22(2) Endorsed when overdue
    
    s. 22(2)
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    23 Determinable future time
    
    s. 23
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    24(1) Inland bill
    
    s. 24(1)
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    24(2) Foreign bill
    
    s. 24(2)
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    24(3) Presumption
    
    s. 24(3)
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    25 Bill or note
    
    s. 25
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    26 Valid bill
    
    s. 26
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    27(1) Sum certain
    
    s. 27(1)
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    27(2) Figures and words
    
    s. 27(2)
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    27(3) With interest
    
    s. 27(3)
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    28 True date presumption
    
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    29 Undated bill payable after date
    
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    30 Perfecting bill
    
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    31(1) When completed
    
    s. 31(1)
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    31(2) Reasonable time
    
    s. 31(2)
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    32(1) Referee in case of need
    
    s. 32(1)
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    32(2) Option
    
    s. 32(2)
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    33 Stipulations
    
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  Acceptance
  
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    34(1) Acceptance
    
    s. 34(1)
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    34(2) Drawee’s name wrong
    
    s. 34(2)
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    35(1) Acceptance
    
    s. 35(1)
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    35(2) Mere signature
    
    s. 35(2)
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    36(1) Acceptance
    
    s. 36(1)
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    36(2) Acceptance after dishonour
    
    s. 36(2)
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    37(1) Kinds
    
    s. 37(1)
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    37(2) General
    
    s. 37(2)
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    37(3) Qualified
    
    s. 37(3)
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    37(4) Specified place
    
    s. 37(4)
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  Delivery
  
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    38 When acceptance complete
    
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    39(1) Requisites
    
    s. 39(1)
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    39(2) Presumption
    
    s. 39(2)
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    40 Parting with possession
    
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  Computation of Time, Non-juridical Days and Days of Grace
  
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    41 Computation of time
    
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    42 Non-juridical days
    
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    43 Time of payment
    
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    44 Sight bill
    
    s. 44
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    45(1) Due date
    
    s. 45(1)
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    45(2) Definition of “month”
    
    s. 45(2)
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  Capacity and Authority of Parties
  
  s. 46
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    46(1) Capacity of parties
    
    s. 46(1)
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    46(2) Corporations
    
    s. 46(2)
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    47 Effect of disability on holder
    
    s. 47
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    48(1) Forgery
    
    s. 48(1)
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    48(2) Ratification
    
    s. 48(2)
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    48(3) Recovery of amount paid on forged cheque
    
    s. 48(3)
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    48(4) Default of notice
    
    s. 48(4)
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    49(1) Recovery of amount paid on forged endorsement
    
    s. 49(1)
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    49(2) Rights against prior endorsers
    
    s. 49(2)
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    49(3) Notice of forgery
    
    s. 49(3)
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    50 Procuration signatures
    
    s. 50
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    51(1) Signing in representative capacity
    
    s. 51(1)
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    51(2) Rule for determining capacity
    
    s. 51(2)
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  Consideration
  
  s. 52
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    52(1) Valuable consideration
    
    s. 52(1)
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    52(2) Form of bill
    
    s. 52(2)
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    53(1) Holder for value
    
    s. 53(1)
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    53(2) In case of lien
    
    s. 53(2)
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    54(1) Accommodation bill
    
    s. 54(1)
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    54(2) Liability of party
    
    s. 54(2)
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  Holder in Due Course
  
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    55(1) Holder in due course
    
    s. 55(1)
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    55(2) Title defective
    
    s. 55(2)
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    56 Right of subsequent holder
    
    s. 56
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    57(1) Presumption of value
    
    s. 57(1)
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    57(2) Presumed holder in due course
    
    s. 57(2)
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    58 Usurious consideration
    
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  Negotiation
  
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    59(1) By transfer
    
    s. 59(1)
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    59(2) By delivery
    
    s. 59(2)
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    59(3) By endorsement
    
    s. 59(3)
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    60(1) Without endorsement
    
    s. 60(1)
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    60(2) Representative capacity
    
    s. 60(2)
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    61(1) Endorsing
    
    s. 61(1)
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    61(2) Allonge
    
    s. 61(2)
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    61(3) Partial endorsement
    
    s. 61(3)
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    62(1) Signature sufficient
    
    s. 62(1)
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    62(2) Two or more payees
    
    s. 62(2)
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    63 Misspelling payee’s name
    
    s. 63
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    64 Presumption as to order of endorsement
    
    s. 64
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    65 Disregarding condition
    
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    66(1) Endorsement
    
    s. 66(1)
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    66(2) In blank
    
    s. 66(2)
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    66(3) Special
    
    s. 66(3)
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    66(4) Application of Act
    
    s. 66(4)
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    66(5) Conversion of blank endorsement
    
    s. 66(5)
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    67(1) Restrictive endorsement
    
    s. 67(1)
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    67(2) Idem
    
    s. 67(2)
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    67(3) Rights of endorsee
    
    s. 67(3)
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    67(4) If further transfer is authorized
    
    s. 67(4)
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    68 When negotiability ceases
    
    s. 68
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    69(1) Overdue bill
    
    s. 69(1)
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    69(2) When demand bill overdue
    
    s. 69(2)
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    69(3) Time
    
    s. 69(3)
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    70 Presumption
    
    s. 70
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    71 Taking bill with notice of dishonour
    
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    72 Reissue of bill
    
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  Rights and Powers of Holder
  
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    73 Rights and powers of holder
    
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  Presentment for Acceptance
  
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    74(1) When presentment for acceptance necessary
    
    s. 74(1)
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    74(2) Express stipulation
    
    s. 74(2)
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    74(3) Other cases
    
    s. 74(3)
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    75 Presentment excused
    
    s. 75
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    76(1) Sight bill
    
    s. 76(1)
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    76(2) If not presented
    
    s. 76(2)
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    76(3) Reasonable time
    
    s. 76(3)
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    77 Rules for presenting for acceptance
    
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    78(1) Excuses
    
    s. 78(1)
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    78(2) No excuse
    
    s. 78(2)
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    79(1) Time for acceptance
    
    s. 79(1)
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    79(2) Dishonour
    
    s. 79(2)
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    79(3) Loss of rights
    
    s. 79(3)
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    79(4) Date of acceptance
    
    s. 79(4)
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    79(5) Refusing acceptance
    
    s. 79(5)
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    80 Dishonour by non-acceptance
    
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    81 Recourse
    
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    82(1) Qualified acceptance
    
    s. 82(1)
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    82(2) Presumption of assent
    
    s. 82(2)
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    83(1) Qualified acceptance without authority
    
    s. 83(1)
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    83(2) Partial acceptance
    
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  Presentment for Payment
  
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    84(1) Necessity for presentment
    
    s. 84(1)
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    84(2) If not presented
    
    s. 84(2)
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    84(3) Manner of presentment
    
    s. 84(3)
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    85(1) Time for presentment
    
    s. 85(1)
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    85(2) Reasonable time
    
    s. 85(2)
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    86(1) By and to whom
    
    s. 86(1)
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    86(2) Two acceptors
    
    s. 86(2)
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    86(3) Personal representation
    
    s. 86(3)
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    87 Proper place for presentment
    
    s. 87
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    88 Sufficient presentment
    
    s. 88
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    89(1) Presentment at post office
    
    s. 89(1)
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    89(2) Through post office
    
    s. 89(2)
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    90(1) Delay in presentment
    
    s. 90(1)
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    90(2) Diligence
    
    s. 90(2)
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    91(1) When presentment is dispensed with
    
    s. 91(1)
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    91(2) Not dispensed with
    
    s. 91(2)
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    92(1) When no place specified
    
    s. 92(1)
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    92(2) If place specified
    
    s. 92(2)
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    92(3) Delivery on payment
    
    s. 92(3)
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    93(1) Time for presentment
    
    s. 93(1)
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    93(2) Parties in different places
    
    s. 93(2)
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    93(3) Excuses for delay
    
    s. 93(3)
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    94(1) Dishonour by non-payment
    
    s. 94(1)
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    94(2) Recourse
    
    s. 94(2)
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  Notice of Dishonour
  
  s. 95
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    95(1) Notice of dishonour
    
    s. 95(1)
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    95(2) Subsequent holder
    
    s. 95(2)
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    95(3) Notice of subsequent dishonour
    
    s. 95(3)
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    95(4) Notice to acceptor
    
    s. 95(4)
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    96 Conditions for validity of notice
    
    s. 96
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    97(1) How notice given
    
    s. 97(1)
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    97(2) Misdescription
    
    s. 97(2)
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    98(1) Form of notice
    
    s. 98(1)
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    98(2) Verbal supplement
    
    s. 98(2)
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    99(1) Notice by agent
    
    s. 99(1)
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    99(2) Time for notice
    
    s. 99(2)
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    100 Notice to antecedent parties
    
    s. 100
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    101 Benefit of notice
    
    s. 101
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    102(1) How notice addressed
    
    s. 102(1)
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    102(2) Sufficiency of notice
    
    s. 102(2)
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    102(3) Death of party
    
    s. 102(3)
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    103 Miscarriage in post service
    
    s. 103
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    104(1) Excuse for delay
    
    s. 104(1)
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    104(2) Diligence
    
    s. 104(2)
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    105(1) Notice dispensed with
    
    s. 105(1)
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    105(2) Time of waiver
    
    s. 105(2)
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    106 Dispensing with notice re drawer
    
    s. 106
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    107 Dispensing with notice re endorser
    
    s. 107
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  Protest
  
  s. 108
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    108 Necessity of protest
    
    s. 108
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    109 Protest dispensed with
    
    s. 109
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    110(1) Delay excused
    
    s. 110(1)
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    110(2) Diligence
    
    s. 110(2)
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    111(1) Foreign bill, non-acceptance
    
    s. 111(1)
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    111(2) Non-payment
    
    s. 111(2)
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    111(3) Balance
    
    s. 111(3)
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    111(4) Discharge
    
    s. 111(4)
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    112 Protest of inland bill
    
    s. 112
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    113 Protest unnecessary
    
    s. 113
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    114 Subsequent protest for non-payment
    
    s. 114
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    115 Protest for better security
    
    s. 115
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    116(1) Acceptance for honour
    
    s. 116(1)
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    116(2) Protest for non-payment
    
    s. 116(2)
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    117 Noting equivalent to protest
    
    s. 117
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    118(1) Protest on day of dishonour
    
    s. 118(1)
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    118(2) Extending protest
    
    s. 118(2)
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    119 Protest on copy or particulars
    
    s. 119
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    120(1) Place of protest
    
    s. 120(1)
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    120(2) Where bill returned by post
    
    s. 120(2)
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    120(3) Time of protest
    
    s. 120(3)
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    121 Contents of protest
    
    s. 121
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    122 When notary not accessible
    
    s. 122
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    123(1) Expense
    
    s. 123(1)
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    123(2) Notaries’ fees
    
    s. 123(2)
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    124(1) Forms
    
    s. 124(1)
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    124(2) Annexing copy or original of bill
    
    s. 124(2)
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    125 How notice of protest given
    
    s. 125
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  Liabilities of Parties
  
  s. 126
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    126 Equitable assignment
    
    s. 126
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    127 Engagement by acceptance
    
    s. 127
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    128 Estoppel
    
    s. 128
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    129 Drawer
    
    s. 129
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    130 Liability by signature
    
    s. 130
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    131(1) Trade-name or assumed name
    
    s. 131(1)
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    131(2) Firm name
    
    s. 131(2)
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    132 Endorser
    
    s. 132
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    133 Measure of damages
    
    s. 133
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    134 Recovery of damages
    
    s. 134
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    135 Re-exchange and interest
    
    s. 135
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    136(1) Transferor by delivery
    
    s. 136(1)
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    136(2) Liability of transferor
    
    s. 136(2)
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    137 Warranty by transferor
    
    s. 137
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  Discharge of Bill
  
  s. 138
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    138(1) Payment
    
    s. 138(1)
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    138(2) Payment in due course
    
    s. 138(2)
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    138(3) Accommodation bill
    
    s. 138(3)
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    139 Payment by drawer or endorser
    
    s. 139
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    140 Acceptor holding at maturity
    
    s. 140
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    141(1) Renouncing rights
    
    s. 141(1)
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    141(2) Against one party
    
    s. 141(2)
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    141(3) In writing
    
    s. 141(3)
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    141(4) Holder in due course
    
    s. 141(4)
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    142(1) Cancellation of bill
    
    s. 142(1)
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    142(2) Of any signature
    
    s. 142(2)
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    142(3) Discharge of endorser
    
    s. 142(3)
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    143 Unintentional cancellation
    
    s. 143
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    144(1) Alteration of bill
    
    s. 144(1)
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    144(2) Right of holder in due course
    
    s. 144(2)
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    145 Material alteration
    
    s. 145
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  Acceptance and Payment for Honour
  
  s. 146
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    146 Acceptance for honour under protest
    
    s. 146
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    147 In part
    
    s. 147
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    148 Deemed to be for honour of drawer
    
    s. 148
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    149 Maturity of after-sight bill
    
    s. 149
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    150 Requirements
    
    s. 150
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    151(1) Liability of acceptor for honour
    
    s. 151(1)
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    151(2) Liability to holder and others
    
    s. 151(2)
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    152(1) Payment for honour under protest
    
    s. 152(1)
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    152(2) If more than one offer
    
    s. 152(2)
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    152(3) Refusal to receive payment
    
    s. 152(3)
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    152(4) Entitled to bill
    
    s. 152(4)
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    152(5) Liability for refusing
    
    s. 152(5)
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    153(1) Attestation of payment for honour
    
    s. 153(1)
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    153(2) Declaration
    
    s. 153(2)
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    154 Discharge and subrogation
    
    s. 154
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  Lost Instruments
  
  s. 155
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    155(1) Holder to have duplicate of lost bill
    
    s. 155(1)
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    155(2) Refusal
    
    s. 155(2)
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    156 Action on lost bill
    
    s. 156
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  Bill in a Set
  
  s. 157
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    157(1) Bills in set
    
    s. 157(1)
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    157(2) Acceptance
    
    s. 157(2)
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    158(1) Endorsing more than one part
    
    s. 158(1)
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    158(2) Negotiation to different holders
    
    s. 158(2)
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    158(3) Accepting more than one part
    
    s. 158(3)
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    158(4) Payments without delivery
    
    s. 158(4)
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    158(5) Discharge
    
    s. 158(5)
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  Conflict of Laws
  
  s. 159
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    159(1) Requisites of form
    
    s. 159(1)
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    159(2) Unstamped bills
    
    s. 159(2)
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    159(3) Conforming to the law of Canada
    
    s. 159(3)
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    160 Law applicable
    
    s. 160
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    161 Law as to duties of holder
    
    s. 161
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    162 Currency
    
    s. 162
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    163 Due date
    
    s. 163
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  Official Images and Electronic Presentment
  
  s. 163.1
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    163.1 Definitions
    
    s. 163.1
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    163.2 Status of official image
    
    s. 163.2
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    163.3(1) Electronic presentment
    
    s. 163.3(1)
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    163.3(2) Discharge by payment
    
    s. 163.3(2)
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    163.4(1) Presumption
    
    s. 163.4(1)
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    163.4(2) Admissibility
    
    s. 163.4(2)
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    163.4(3) True copy of contents
    
    s. 163.4(3)
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    163.5 Effect of destruction
    
    s. 163.5
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    163.6(1) Warranty
    
    s. 163.6(1)
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    163.6(2) Damages
    
    s. 163.6(2)
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PART III — Cheques on a Bank

s. 164
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  164 Definition of “bank”
  
  s. 164
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  165(1) Cheque
  
  s. 165(1)
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  165(2) Provisions as to bills apply
  
  s. 165(2)
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  165(3) Cheque for deposit to account
  
  s. 165(3)
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  166(1) Presentment for payment
  
  s. 166(1)
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  166(2) Reasonable time
  
  s. 166(2)
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  167 Authority to pay
  
  s. 167
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  Crossed Cheques
  
  s. 168
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    168(1) Crossed generally
    
    s. 168(1)
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    168(2) Crossed specially
    
    s. 168(2)
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    169(1) By drawer
    
    s. 169(1)
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    169(2) By holder
    
    s. 169(2)
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    169(3) Varying
    
    s. 169(3)
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    169(4) Words may be added
    
    s. 169(4)
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    169(5) By bank for collection
    
    s. 169(5)
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    169(6) Changing crossing
    
    s. 169(6)
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    169(7) Uncrossing
    
    s. 169(7)
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    170(1) Material part
    
    s. 170(1)
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    170(2) Altering crossing
    
    s. 170(2)
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    171 Crossed to more than one bank
    
    s. 171
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    172(1) Liability for improper payment
    
    s. 172(1)
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    172(2) Payment in good faith and without negligence
    
    s. 172(2)
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    173 Protection in such case
    
    s. 173
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    174 “Not negotiable” cross
    
    s. 174
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    175 Customer without title
    
    s. 175
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PART IV — Promissory Notes

s. 176
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  176(1) Definition
  
  s. 176(1)
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  176(2) Endorsed by maker
  
  s. 176(2)
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  176(3) Pledge of collateral security
  
  s. 176(3)
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  177(1) Inland note
  
  s. 177(1)
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  177(2) Foreign note
  
  s. 177(2)
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  178 Delivery
  
  s. 178
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  179(1) Joint and several liability
  
  s. 179(1)
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  179(2) Individual promise
  
  s. 179(2)
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  180(1) Demand note presentment
  
  s. 180(1)
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  180(2) Reasonable time
  
  s. 180(2)
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  181 Endorser discharged
  
  s. 181
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  182 Not deemed overdue
  
  s. 182
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  183(1) Presentment at particular place
  
  s. 183(1)
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  183(2) Liability of maker
  
  s. 183(2)
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  183(3) Note payable generally
  
  s. 183(3)
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  184(1) Liability of endorser
  
  s. 184(1)
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  184(2) Presentment at particular place
  
  s. 184(2)
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  184(3) Presentment elsewhere
  
  s. 184(3)
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  185 Effect of being maker
  
  s. 185
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  186(1) Application of Act to notes
  
  s. 186(1)
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  186(2) Terms corresponding
  
  s. 186(2)
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  186(3) Provisions inapplicable
  
  s. 186(3)
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  187 Protest of foreign notes
  
  s. 187
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PART V — Consumer Bills and Notes

s. 188
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  188 Definitions
  
  s. 188
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  189(1) Consumer bill
  
  s. 189(1)
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  189(2) Consumer note
  
  s. 189(2)
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  189(3) Presumption as to issue
  
  s. 189(3)
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  189(4) Application of Act to consumer bills and notes
  
  s. 189(4)
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  190(1) Consumer bill or note to be marked
  
  s. 190(1)
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  190(2) Effect where not marked
  
  s. 190(2)
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  191 Rights of holder of consumer bill or note
  
  s. 191
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  192(1) Obtaining signature to unmarked instrument
  
  s. 192(1)
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  192(2) Transfer of unmarked consumer bill or note
  
  s. 192(2)
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SCHEDULE
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FORM 1
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FORM 2
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FORM 3
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FORM 4
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FORM 5
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FORM 6
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FORM 7
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FORM 8
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FORM 9
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FORM 10

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